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Automatic Conjugation

Spanish Verb Tenses
(2-parts)


Must-Memorize Part:

Present Tense:
  • Several irregular forms to memorize!
  • AR, ER & IR are always different.
  • Regular AR-Endings: o, as, a, amos, áis, an
  • Regular ER-Endings: o, es, e, emos, éis, en
  • Regular IR-Endings: o, es, e, imos, ís, en
Regular Verb Conjugation Examples:
caminar: camino, caminas, camina, caminamos, camináis, caminan
comer: como, comes, come, comemos, coméis, comen
vivir: vivo, vives, vive, vivimos, vivís, viven

Past (a.k.a Preterite):  
  • Several irregular forms to memorize!
  • ER & IR are the same (grouped together), AR is different
  • Regular AR-Endings: é, aste, ó, amos, asteis, aron
  • Regular ER-Endings: í, iste, ió, imos, isteis, ieron
  • Regular IR-Endings: í, iste, ió, imos, isteis, ieron
Regular Verb Conjugation Examples:
caminar: caminé, caminaste, caminó, caminamos, caminasteis, caminaron
comer: comí, comiste, comió, comimos, isteis, comieron
viver: viví, viviste, vivió, vivimos, vivisteis, vivieron




Present-Subjunctive (is also the Imperative-Command):  
Several irregular forms to memorize.  AR, ER & IR are different.
  • Several irregular forms to memorize!
  • ER & IR are the same (grouped together), AR is different
  • Normally ...
    • AR-verbs become ER/IR.
    • ER/IR-verbs become AR
  • Regular AR-Endings: e, es, e, emos, éis, en
  • Regular ER-Endings: a, as, a, amos, áis, an
  • Regular IR-Endings: a, as, a, amos, áis, an
Regular Verb Conjugation Examples:
caminar: camine, camines, camine, caminemos, camineis, caminen
comer: coma, comas, coma, comamos, comáis, coman
vivir: viva, vivas, viva, vivamos, viváis, vivan

Imperative Tú (copy 3rd person singular present):
Tú-Command (informal-2nd person-singular): camina, come, vive

Imperative Vos (Change 'r' to 'd'):
Vos-Command (informal-2nd person-plural): caminad, comed, vivid





Automated-Derived Part (NO-MEMORIZATION!):


Imperfect Tense: 
Does not have any irregular verbs - EXCEPT 3 - IN ENTIRE SPANISH LANGUAGE!
  • Endings for AR: aba, abas, aba, ábamos, abais, aban
  • Endings for ER-IR: ía, ías, ía, íamos, íais, ían
  • In all of Spanish *only* these 3 verbs have an irregular imperfect tense:
  • ser: era, eras, era, éramos, erais, eran
  • ir: iba, ibas, iba, ibamos, ibais, iban
  • ver: veía, veías, veía, veíamos, veíais, veían
AR, ER & IR examples:
estar: estaba, estabas, estaba, estábamos, estabais, estaban
comer: comía, comías, comía, comíamos, comíais, comían
vivir: vivía, vivías, vivía, vivíamos, vivíais, vivían


Future Tense: 
100% of regular & irregular AR, ER & IR verbs have same endings!
Most verbs are regular in the future tense.
  • Endings are always: é, ás, á, emos, éis, án
  • Irregular verbs only have a (single word to memorize) stem change!
  • REGULAR is always INFINITIVE + ENDING.
  • IRREGULAR is always STEM-CHANGE + ENDING.
irregular example: TENER [stem-change: tendr]
tendré, tendrás, tendrá, tendremos, tendréis, tendrán

regular example: CAMINAR [use infinitive: caminar]
caminaré, caminarás, caminará, caminaremos, caminaréis, caminarán


Conditional Tense: 
100% of regular & irregular AR, ER & IR verbs have same endings!
Most verbs are regular in the conditional tense.
  • Endings are always: ía, ías, ía, íamos, íais, ían 
  • Irregular verbs only have a (single word to memorize) stem change!
  • REGULAR is always INFINITIVE + ENDING.
  • IRREGULAR is always STEM-CHANGE + ENDING.
irregular example: TENER [stem-change: tendr]
tendría, tendrías, tendría, tendríamos, tendríais, tendrían

regular example: CAMINAR [use infinitive: caminar]
caminaría, caminarías, caminaría, caminaríamos, caminaríais, caminarían



The 3 remaining subjunctive tense are:  
  1. 100% DERIVED ... No Memorization!
  2. have same endings regardless of AR/ER/IR.
  3. are "built" using the 3RD-PERSON-PLURAL-PRETERITE form.
    1. sort of: "aron" and "ieron" ==> "ara" and "iera"
Imperfect Subjunctive Tense 1: 
ra, ras, ra, ramos, rais, ran

Imperfect Subjunctive Tense 2: 
se, ses, se, semos, seis, sen

FUTURE SUBJUNCTIVE: 
re, res, re, remos, reis, ren

Use the 3rd-person-plural-preterite form and remove "ron":
  • trabajaron ==> trabaja[remove the: ron] + ENDING
  • estuvieron ==> estuvie[remove the: ron] + ENDING
  • caminaron  ==> camina [remove the: ron] + ENDING

IS1: trabajara, trabajaras, trabajara, trabajaramos, trabajarais, trabajaran
IS2: trabajase, trabajases, trabajase, trabajasemos, trabajaseis, trabajasen
FS:  trabajare, trabajares, trabajare, trabajaremos, trabajareis, trabajaren

IS1: estuviera, estuvieras, estuviera, estuvieramos, estuvierais, estuvieran
IS2: estuviese, estuvieses, estuviese, estuviesemos, estuvieseis, estuviesen
FS:  estuviere, estuvieres, estuviere, estuvieremos, estuviereis, estuvieren

IS1: caminara, caminaras, caminara, caminaramos, caminarais, caminaran
IS2: caminase, caminases, caminase, caminasemos, caminaseis, caminasen
FS:  caminare, caminares, caminare, caminaremos, caminareis, caminaren




Here are the "Wal-Mart Webster's New Spanish-English Dictionary" pages about these (sort of) "automatic" (no-memorization) Irregular Verb Rules:

What follows is the same content explained above (but much more tersely!)

3 Subjunctive Tenses:

  • Imperfect Subjunctive 1
  • Imperfect Subjunctive 2
  • Future Subjunctive




One-Word Stem-Change:

  • Future Tense
  • Conditional Tense





Imperfect Tense: SPANISH HAS NO VERBS THAT ARE IRREGULAR IN THE IMPERFECT TENSE (except three: ser, ir, ver)







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